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Question:

Which of the following is an example of an electrolyte that may be used in a TPN?

A All of the above

explanation

Examples of additives that may be added to a TPN include potassium chloride (KCl), potassium phosphate (KPO3), calcium gluconate (Ca gluconate), magnesium sulfate (MgSO4), sodium phosphate (NaPO4), sodium chloride (NaCl), multivitamin (MVI), multiple trace elements (MTEs), and zinc (Zn).

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Which of the following dosage forms is not an example of a sustained-release dosage form?

Pastille

A pastille, also known as a lozenge or a troche, is a solid dosage forms with flavoring that dis- solve in the mouth. A pastille is not a sustained- released dosage form.

A filter needle is required when withdrawing solution from which of these?

an ampule

A filter needle is required when withdrawing solution from an ampule to prevent any glass particles from contaminating the contents of the syringe. A regular needle is then used to inject the contents into the IV bag.

Which of the following containers is a single-unit container intended for parenteral administration only?

Single-dose container

The USP has classified containers as follows: a single-dose container is a single-unit container in- tended for parenteral use, a tight container protects the product from contamination, a single- unit container is designed to hold a quantity of drug product intended for administration as a single dose after the container is opened, and a unit-dose container is a single container intended for administration other than by the parenteral route as a single drug directly from the container.

What is the process of mixing a liquid and powder to form a suspension or solution?

Reconstitution

Reconstitution is the process of mixing a liquid and powder together to form a suspension. Geo- metric dilution is a technique used in mixing two ingredients of unequal quantities, in which one begins with the smallest quantity and adds an equal quantity of the ingredient having the larger amount; the process continues until all of the ingredients are used. Blending is an act of combining two substances together. Levi- gation is trituration of a powder drug with a solvent, in which the drug is insoluble with the solvent. Trituration is a process of rubbing, grinding, or pulverizing a powder to create fine particles.

Which of these is true regarding opening an ampule during sterile compounding?

The neck of the ampule should be swabbed with 70% isopropyl alcohol prior to breaking it.

To open an ampule, follow these steps:
1. Swab the ampule with 70% isopropyl alcohol especially in the neck (thinnest) area.
2. Covering the ampule with an alcohol swab, grip the top of the ampule and bottom of the ampule with the thumb and index finger of each hand (one hand on top, the other on the bottom).
3. With a quick motion, snap the ampule at the neck being careful not to break it toward the HEPA filter (break toward the side of the hood).

Which of the following auxiliary labels should be affixed to a reconstituted medication?

Shake Well

A reconstituted product should contain a “Shake Well” label to ensure the medication is mixed thoroughly before administering it.

Which of the following is not a delayed-release dosage form?

Sublingual tablet

A sublingual tablet is not a delayed-release dosage form. Sublingual tablets are taken so that the therapeutic effect will occur quickly.

How long should the blower be on for a laminar airflow hood?

30 minutes

USP ,797. requires the laminar flow hood blower be on for at least 30 minutes before a sterile compound is prepared.

Which of the following dosage forms would require sterile compound?

TPN

USP ,797. requires that total parenteral nutrition products should be compounded in a sterile environment.

What is the smallest unit of weight that can be measured using a Class A prescription balance?

6 mg

A Class A prescription balance uses brass weights to measure ingredients down to 6 mg increments. The balance uses a counterweight system to determine the specific weight of solid ingredients.

How many milliliters of a 30% solution and a 10% solution are needed to make 800 ml of 25% solution?

600 ml of 30% solution and 200 ml of 10% solution

Use the allegation method and a chart like this. Chart filled in for this problem:
1. Number of parts for higher % solution = Desired % in final product - lower % solution: 25 - 10 = 15
2. Number of parts for lower % solution = Higher % solution - Desired % in final product: 30 - 25 = 5
3. Add the number of parts together to get a total number of parts: 15 + 5 = 20 total parts
4. Divide the final volume of the desired product by the total number of parts to get ml/part: 800/20 parts = 40 ml/part
5. Multiply the number of parts for each % solution by the ml/part to get the volume of each solution you need to add together to get the desired final product.
40 ml/part x 15 parts = 600 ml of 30% solution 40 ml/part x 5 parts = 200 ml of 10% solution